Are you looking for a tech-savvy resource to expand your knowledge of IT industry jargon? Look no further! Our comprehensive A-Z IT glossary has got you covered; with clear definitions of the technical terms you will need to launch into the IT sector.
A
Antivirus – A computer program used to prevent, detect and remove malware.
AI / Artificial Intelligence – Automates tasks, improves decision-making and enhances efficiency through advanced technologies.
API / Application Programming Interface – Enables software applications to communicate through defined rules. Allowing seamless integration and access to services.
B
Browser – A software application that enables users to access and view information on the internet.
Breach – Unauthorised access or disclosure of information due to compromised security measures.
C
Cloud – A remote server for storing, managing, and processing data and applications over the internet.
Cyber Attack – An attempt by hackers to compromise computer networks and systems to cause damage.
Cyber Security – The practice of protecting computer systems, networks, and data from unauthorised access and cyber threats.
Cache – A high-speed storage that stores frequently accessed data for quick retrieval, improving system performance.
Cookies – Small text filed websites used to track and remember user information.
D
Database – An organised collection of data used for efficient storage.
Domain – A unique name associated with a website or network.
DNS / Domain Name System – Translates human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses, facilitating the connection between websites and users.
E
Ethernet – A standard for wired communication between devices in a local area network, providing high-speed connectivity.
Encryption – The conversion of data into a coded form to protect its confidentiality.
Extension – A software component that adds extra functionality to a web browser, enhancing user experience.
F
Framework – A layered structured set of tools to streamline processes, providing reusable code and security features.
Firewall – A security measure that controls network traffic by protecting against threats.
G
Gigabyte – A digital storage unit usually used to measure device storage capabilities.
GUI / Graphical User Interface – Enhances user interaction with devices through intuitive graphical icons and menus.
H
HTML / Hypertext Markup Language – A language used to create structured web pages and easier define content, text, images, and links.
HTTP / Hypertext Transfer Protocol – Used to transfer data over the internet and to retrieve resources like images, web pages, videos etc.
J
JavaScript – A programming language used to create interactive effects on web browsers.
JPEG – An image file format used for storing and compressing images, helping to increase website loading speeds.
L
Log File – A record of events generated by a device or Software used to troubleshoot and monitor system behaviour.
LAN / Local Area Network – A network that connects devices within a limited geographic area.
Linux – An operating system known for its customisation and community support when it comes to stability and security for computing components.
M
Megabyte – A digital storage unit used to measure file size, storage, and data transfer rates.
Malware – Software that is given intentional access to a computer system, e.g., a virus.
Microsoft Azure – A cloud platform for building and managing applications.
N
Network – A collection of interconnected devices that facilitate user communication and data sharing.
O
One-Time Password – A temporary authentication code for secure logins for data protection.
P
Phishing – A cyber-attack where attackers impersonate people to reveal private information for identity theft and fraud.
PostScript – A type of vector graphic file.
Q
QR Code – A two-dimensional barcode that can be scanned using a smartphone or reader to access encoded information quickly.
QoS / Quality of Service – Prioritises network resources to ensure reliable data delivery for critical applications.
Query – A request made to a database for specific information.
Queue – A FIFO structure used to manage and prioritise elements.
R
Ransomware – Malware that encrypts files or locks devices, demanding a ransom for release.
RAM / Random Access Memory – A fast-access computer memory that enables efficient data processing and multitasking.
Router – A networking device that connects networks, directs data, and enables communication between devices.
ROM / Read Only Memory – Stores permanent data and holds pre-programmed instructions that can be changed.
S
SEO / Search Engine Optimisation – The practice of optimising websites to improve visibility and ranking in search engine results.
Server – A system that provides services to other devices within a network.
Sanitisation – Permanently deleting sensitive data from storage to prevent unwarranted access, data breaches and privacy risks.
SaaS / Software as a Service – A cloud-based model where software applications are accessed over the internet on a subscription basis.
W
WAN / Wide Area Network – Connects computers in a wider geographical area by leased lines or satellites. Typically contains two or more LANs.
WAP / Wireless Application Protocol – A set of communication protocols that enables wireless access to the internet.
X
XML – A markup language used for sharing data from computer software with people.
XHML – Used in web development for creating structured web pages.
Z
Zip File – A compressed format used to bundle and reduce the size of files, enabling better storage.
WHY IS IT IMPORTANT TO KNOW IT TECHNICAL TERMS?
When you’re entering the world of IT, the technical jargon might seem overwhelming, but don’t let it intimidate you!
Soon enough, these terms will become invaluable in your IT pursuits and help you communicate effectively with your team.
WHAT’S NEXT?
Ready to put your new knowledge to good use and jump-start your IT career?
Check out our Level 3 IT Support Technician apprenticeships. With these programmes, you’ll gain valuable hands-on experience working with cutting-edge technology and innovative solutions. It’s the perfect way to get started in the exciting and fast-paced world of IT.